課文詳注 Further notes on the text

1．Our neighbour, Captain Charles Alison, will sail from Portsmouth tomorrow. 我們的鄰居查爾斯·艾利森船長(zhǎng)明天就要從樸次茅斯啟航了。

（1）這個(gè)句子以及本課的大部分句子用的是一般將來(lái)時(shí)（cf. 本課語(yǔ)法）

（2）句子的主語(yǔ)部分our neighbour 和Captain Charles Alison為同位語(yǔ)。（cf. 第4課語(yǔ)法）下文 He will be in his small boat,Topsail 中的Topsail 也為同位語(yǔ)。

2．We'll meet him at the harbour early in the morning. 明天一大早我們將在碼頭為他送行。

在表示時(shí)間的短語(yǔ) in the morning, in the afternoon等前面可以再加上early, late等副詞，以便更確切地表示時(shí)間：

Tony will arrive late in the afternoon.

托尼下午晚些時(shí)候才能抵達(dá)。

3．Topsail is a famous little boat.“濤波賽”號(hào)是艘有名的小艇。

little除了表示形體上小的意義之外，還含有“可愛”的意思，是個(gè)帶有感情色彩的詞。如little Tom（小湯姆）就有一種親昵的味道。

4．It has sailed across the Atlantic many times．它已經(jīng)多次橫渡大西洋。

across 是對(duì)某個(gè)細(xì)長(zhǎng)物“橫切”、“橫斷”、“橫渡”等，尤指河流、馬路等等。

5．Captain Alison will set out at eight o'clock…艾利森船長(zhǎng)將于8點(diǎn)鐘啟航……

set out在這里的意思是“出發(fā)”、“動(dòng)身”，是固定短語(yǔ)。

6．We'll see his boat and then we'll say goodbye to him. 我們將參觀他的船，然后和他離別。

表示離別通常用 say goodbye (to sb.):

I have come to say goodbye (to you).

我是來(lái)（向你）告辭的。

7．We are very proud of him. 我們真為他感到自豪。

be proud of (sb.) 是個(gè)常用搭配，表示“為（某人）感到自豪”：

Mr. Baker is proud of his son.

貝克先生為他的兒子感到自豪。

8．He will take part in an important race across the Atlantic. 他將參加一次重大的橫渡大西洋的比賽。

take part (in) 是固定短語(yǔ)，表示“參加”、“參與（某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)）”：

We all took part in the competition.

我們都參加了這次競(jìng)賽。

語(yǔ)法 Grammar in use

一般將來(lái)時(shí) (The simple future tense)

一般將來(lái)時(shí)由will（第1人稱時(shí)可用shall）加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成，可用來(lái)預(yù)言將來(lái)發(fā)生的事，如說(shuō)出我們?cè)O(shè)想會(huì)發(fā)生的事或者請(qǐng)對(duì)方預(yù)言將要發(fā)生什么事。will可用于所有人稱。當(dāng)You and I為主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常避免用shall:

You and I will work in the same office.

你和我將在同一個(gè)辦公室工作。

will在書面語(yǔ)和流利的口語(yǔ)中，在元音之后可以縮略為-'ll，如I'll, we'll, you'll等：

我們5點(diǎn)鐘回來(lái)。

-'ll在下列場(chǎng)合也可用于輔音之后：

人名之后：

Tom'll be here soon.

湯姆馬上就來(lái)這兒。

疑問(wèn)詞之后：

When'll Mary be back?

瑪麗什么時(shí)候回來(lái)？

普通名詞之后：

The concert'll start in a minute.

音樂(lè)會(huì)一會(huì)兒就要開始了。

That film'll be on next Sunday.

那部影片下星期天上映。

在否定式中，will not可以縮略為-'ll not或 won't; shall not縮略為shan't（在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中很少用shan't, 用shall表示將來(lái)也不常用）：

I/ we won't/ shan't go.

我／我們不會(huì)去。

Won't you have some cake?

你不吃點(diǎn)蛋糕嗎？

詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study

1．sail

（1）vi.（船）航行，揚(yáng)帆行駛：

Topsail has sailed across the Atlantic many times.“濤波賽”已多次橫渡大西洋。

The ship is sailing for New York.

這艘船正駛向紐約。

（2）vi.（人）乘船航行：

Captain Alison will sail from Portsmouth tomorrow.

艾利森船長(zhǎng)明天將從樸次茅斯啟航。

I want to sail around the world.

我想乘船周游世界。

（3）n. 帆，篷：

This boat has white sails.

這條小船的帆是白色的。

2．be+ 副詞構(gòu)成表語(yǔ)

動(dòng)詞be如與不同的副詞連用則意義不同（主要由副詞的意義決定）：

He will be away for two months.

他將離開兩個(gè)月。（away表示“離開”、“不在”）

Can you be back before six o'clock?

你6點(diǎn)鐘以前能回來(lái)嗎？

You can't see Tom now. He isn't in.

你現(xiàn)在見不到湯姆。他不在。

Come tomorrow. I'll be out today.

明天來(lái)吧。我今天要出去。

Everything is over between them.

他們之間一切都已結(jié)束了。

3．set+ 副詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

（1）set out, 出發(fā)，動(dòng)身：

When'll you set out for London?

你什么時(shí)候（出發(fā)）去倫敦？

He set out early this morning.

他今天一大早就出發(fā)了。

（2）set off,出發(fā)，啟程：

I'll set off for home the day after tomorrow.

我后天動(dòng)身回家。

（3）set up, 創(chuàng)立，建立；創(chuàng)（紀(jì)錄）：

Mr. Jackson has set up a school in the village.

杰克遜先生在這座村子里開辦了一所學(xué)校。

Has Tom set up a new world record?

湯姆創(chuàng)造了一項(xiàng)新的世界紀(jì)錄了嗎？

練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises

1．要害句型練習(xí)答案

A will sail (1.1); shall meet (1.2); will be (1.3); will set out (11.4-5); shall have(1.5); shall see (1.5); shall say (1.6);will be (1.6); will take part (1.7)

C I shall go to the theatre…Reg and I shall see the first

performance…the producer will give a short speech. He will speak to…The play will be very…people will enjoy it very much.

2．難點(diǎn)練習(xí)答案

1 He is not back yet. He will be back in ten minutes.

2 A new play is on at the Globe Theatre.

3 When the concert was over, We went home.

4 They will set out/ off very early tomorrow morning. (Here be off is also possible.)

5 You can't take the exam yet. You are not up to it.

6 He will be away from home for two months.

7 She swam across the English Channel and set up a new world record.

3．多項(xiàng)選擇題答案

1 c 2 c 3 a 4 d 5 d 6 a

7 d 8 a 9 c 10 d 11 a 12 a