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中國(guó)童話故事——自相矛盾

來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò) 2009-07-13 15:14:25

  自相矛盾

  zì xiāng máo dùn

  解  釋:矛,進(jìn)攻敵人的刺擊武器;盾,保護(hù)自己的盾牌。比喻自己說(shuō)話做事前后抵觸。

  用  法:主謂式;作謂語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ);含貶義。

  示  例:毛澤東《論持久戰(zhàn)》:“英勇戰(zhàn)斗于前,又放棄土地在后,不是~嗎?”。

  近義詞:格格不入、捍格不入

  反義詞:自圓其說(shuō)、無(wú)懈可擊、天衣無(wú)縫

  燈  謎 類:開(kāi)封;尺短寸長(zhǎng)。

  英  譯

  1.self-contradictory; inconsistent; paradoxical

  2.self-contradiction; antilogy

  3.to argue against oneself; to contradict oneself

  [典故]

  從前有個(gè)楚國(guó)的商人在市場(chǎng)上出賣自制的長(zhǎng)矛和盾牌。他先把盾牌舉起來(lái),一面拍著一面吹噓說(shuō):“我賣的盾牌,最牢最牢,再堅(jiān)固不過(guò)了。不管對(duì)方使的長(zhǎng)矛怎樣鋒利,也別想刺透我的盾牌!”停了一會(huì)兒,他又舉起長(zhǎng)矛向圍觀的人們夸耀:“我做的長(zhǎng)矛,最快最快,再鋒利不過(guò)了。不管對(duì)方抵擋的盾牌怎樣堅(jiān)固,我的長(zhǎng)矛一刺就透!”圍觀的人群中有人問(wèn)道:“如果用你做的長(zhǎng)矛來(lái)刺你做的盾牌,是刺得透還是刺不透呢?”。楚國(guó)商人漲紅著臉,半天回答不上來(lái)。

  [提示]

  說(shuō)話、寫(xiě)文章,如果在同一時(shí)間和同一關(guān)系中,竟有兩種相反的說(shuō)法,前后互相抵觸,那就會(huì)矛盾百出,象楚國(guó)商人一樣經(jīng)不住駁斥。這則寓言故事已經(jīng)深入人心,“自相矛盾”也已成為人們常用的詞語(yǔ)。

  [原文]

  楚人有鬻盾與矛者①,譽(yù)之曰②:“吾盾之堅(jiān),物莫能陷也③。”又譽(yù)其矛曰:“吾矛之利,于物無(wú)不陷也。”或曰④:“以子之矛陷于之盾,何如?”其人弗能應(yīng)也。——《韓非子》

  [注釋]

 、馘鳎▂ù)——賣。

  ②譽(yù)——贊美。

 、巯——攻破。這里是刺透的意思。

  ④或曰——有的人說(shuō)。

  [譯文]

  楚國(guó)有個(gè)賣矛和盾的人,夸他的盾說(shuō):“我的盾很堅(jiān)固,任何武器都刺不破它。”又夸他的矛說(shuō):“我的矛很銳利,沒(méi)有什么東西穿不透的。”有人質(zhì)問(wèn)他:“拿你的矛去刺你的盾,結(jié)果會(huì)怎樣?”那人便答不上話來(lái)了。本來(lái)嘛,堅(jiān)不可破的盾和無(wú)堅(jiān)不穿的矛是不能同時(shí)并存的。

  [英譯]

  △His Spear Against His Shield (Zi Xiang Maodun)

  A man of the state of Chu had a spear and a shield for sale. He was loud in praises of his shield.

  "My shield is so strong that nothing can pierce it through."

  He also sang praises of his spear.

  "My spear is so strong that it can pierce through anything."

  "What would happen," he was asked, "if your spear is used to pierce your shield?"

  It is impossible for an impenetrable shield to coexist with a spear that finds nothing impenetrable.

  △The Man Who Sold Spears and Shields

  In the State of Chu lived a man who sold shields and spears.

  " My shields are so strong, "he hoasted, "that nothing can oierce them. My spears are so sharp that there is nothing they cannot spierce."

  "What if one of your spears strikes one of your shields?" someone

  asked him.

  The man had no answer to that.

 

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