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小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法集錦:區(qū)分引導(dǎo)詞的用法

來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 文章作者:奧數(shù)網(wǎng)整理 2018-06-13 17:53:21

 小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法集錦:區(qū)分引導(dǎo)詞的用法

 

  區(qū)分 where,which,that,who,whose,what的用法

  用來(lái)說(shuō)明主句中某一名詞或代詞(有時(shí)也可說(shuō)明整個(gè)主句或主句中一部分)而起定語(yǔ)作用的句子叫作定語(yǔ)從句。

  一.詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

  1. 關(guān)系代詞用來(lái)指代先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞

  句子成分  用于限制從句或非限制性從句   只用于限制性從句

  代替人    代替物      代替人或物

  主語(yǔ)  Who        which        that

  主語(yǔ)  Whom       which        that

  賓語(yǔ)  Whose(=of whom)  whose(=of which)

  例1:This is the detective who came from London.

  例2:The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.

  例3:The desk whose leg is broken is very old.

  例4:This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.

  2.關(guān)系代詞的用法

  (1) 如果先行詞是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代詞,關(guān)系代詞一般只用that,不用which。例如:

  All the people that are present burst into tears.

  (2) 如果先等詞被形容詞最高級(jí)以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等詞修飾,關(guān)系代詞常用that,不用which, who,或whom。例如:

  (3) 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,不能用關(guān)系代詞that,作賓語(yǔ)用的關(guān)系代詞也不能省略。例如:

  There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom、are well educated.

  (4) which還有一種特殊用法,它可以引導(dǎo)從句修飾前面的整個(gè)主句,代替主句所表示的整體概念或部分概念。在這種從句中,which可以作主語(yǔ),也可以作賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ),多數(shù)情況下意思是與and this 相似,并可以指人。例如:

  He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.

  (5) that可指人或物,在從句中作表語(yǔ),(指人作主語(yǔ)時(shí)多用who)僅用于限制性定語(yǔ)從句中。

  (6) which可作表語(yǔ),既可指人,以可指物。指人時(shí),一般指從事某種職業(yè)或是有種特征.品性或才能的人。Which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句可以限制性的,也可以是非限制性的。

  (7) 如果作先作詞的集體名詞著眼于集體的整體,關(guān)系代詞用which;若是指集體中的各個(gè)成員,則用who。

  (8) 先行詞有兩個(gè),一個(gè)指人,一個(gè)指物,關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該用that。例如:

  The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.

  (9) 如果先行詞是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該用 who 或whom,不用 which。例如:

  Is there anyone here who will go with you?

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