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小學(xué)英語語法:不定式作補(bǔ)語

來源:奧數(shù)網(wǎng)整理 2022-04-28 21:04:54

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  不定式作補(bǔ)語

  1) 動詞+賓語+不定式(to do)

  advise、allow、appoint、believe、cause、challenge、command、compel、consider、declare、drive、enable、encourage、find、forbid、force、guess、hire、imagine、impel、induce、inform、instruct、invite、 judge、know、 like、order、permit、persuade、remind、report、request、 require、select、send、state、suppose、tell、 think、train、trust、understand、urge、warn

  例句:

  Father will not allow us to play on the street.

  父親不讓我們在街上玩耍。

  We believe him to be guilty.

  我們相信他是有罪的。

  Find 的特殊用法:Find 后可用分詞做賓補(bǔ),或先加形式賓語,再加形容詞,最后加帶to 的動詞不定式。find后也可帶一個從句。此類動詞還有g(shù)et,have。

  I found him lying on the ground.

  I found it important to learn.

  I found that to learn English is important.

  典型例題:

  The next morning she found the man ___ in bed,dead.

  A. lying  B. lie  C. lay  D. laying

  答案:A.find的賓語后面,用分詞或分詞短語,起賓語補(bǔ)足語作用,F(xiàn)在分詞表達(dá)主動,也表達(dá)正在進(jìn)行,過去分詞表達(dá)被動。

  2) to + be 的不定式結(jié)構(gòu),作補(bǔ)語的動詞。

  Acknowledge,believe,consider,think,declare(聲稱),discover,fancy(設(shè)想),feel,find,guess,judge,imagine,know,prove,see(理解), show,suppose,take(以為),understand

  We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.

  我們認(rèn)為湯姆是班上最好的學(xué)生之一。

  典型例題

  Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer.

  A. to invent B. inventing  C. to have invented  D. having invented

  答案:A. 由consider to do sth. 排除B、D。. 此句只說明發(fā)明這一個事實,不定式后用原形即可。而C為現(xiàn)在完成時,發(fā)明為點(diǎn)動詞一般不用完成時,且此處也不強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響,因此不選C。

  3) to be +形容詞

  Seem,appear,be said,be supposed,be believed,be thought,be known,be reported,hope, wish,desire,want,plan,expect,mean…

  The book is believed to be uninteresting.

  人們認(rèn)為這本書沒什么意思。

  4)there be+不定式

  believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstand

  We didn't expect there to be so many people there.

  我們沒料到會有那么多人在哪里。

  注意 :有些動詞需用as 短語做補(bǔ)語,如regard, think believe, take, consider.

  We regard Tom as our best teacher.

  我們認(rèn)為湯姆是我們最好的老師。

  Mary took him as her father .

  瑪麗把他當(dāng)作自己的父親。

  點(diǎn)擊查看更多:更多語法知識

 

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