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小學(xué)英語必須掌握的4大時態(tài)講解

來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理 2023-11-09 14:41:04

  一般現(xiàn)在時

  主要描述經(jīng)常會發(fā)生的動作、狀態(tài)或不變的真理。

  句末常出現(xiàn)every day/week/year/Monday , in the morning;

  句中常有always, usually, often, sometimes

  組成1:

  主語+be+名詞(形容詞)

  I am a student.

  He is tall.

  否定句:在be 后加not

  I am not a student.

  He is not tall.

  疑問句:be 動詞提前到第一位。

  Are you a student?

  Yes,I am./No,I am not.

  Is he tall?Yes,he is./No,he isn’t.

  組成2:

  主語+動詞+地點+時間

  We go to school on Monday.

  He goes to the park on Sunday.

  否定句:主語+don’t/doesn’t’t+動詞原形+地點+時間

  We don’t go to school on Monday.

  He doesn’t go to the park on Sunday.

  疑問句:在句首加do或does

  Do you go to school on Monday?

  Yes, we do./ No, we don’t.

  Does he go to the park on Sunday?

  Yes, he does./ No, he doesn’t.

  動詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化

  1. 在原單詞末尾加s , 如:like – likes

  2. 單詞以o, sh, ch, s, x 結(jié)尾加es, 如:go – goes

  3. 單詞末尾為輔音+y結(jié)尾去y加ies 如:study- studies

  現(xiàn)在進行時

  主要敘述正在發(fā)生的事情。

  句末常出現(xiàn)now;句首常出現(xiàn)look, listen。

  組成:

  主語+be +動詞ing形式

  I am reading English.

  They are swimming.

  He is playing football.

  否定句:在be后加not

  I am not reading English.

  They are not swimming.

  He is not playing football.

  疑問句:將be放到第一位。

  Are you reading English?

  Yes, I am./ No, I am not.

  Are they swimming?

  Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.

  Is he playing football?

  Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t.

  動詞變ing形式

  1. 在動詞末尾加ing. 如:play- playing

  2. 末尾有e,要去e加ing. 如:ride – riding

  3. 末尾以輔音元音輔音結(jié)尾,雙寫末尾的輔音字母.如:swim-swimming

  一般過去時

  主要描述過去發(fā)生的事情。

  句末常出現(xiàn)last night/week/Monday/year, yesterday, ago

  組成:

  主語+動詞過去式

  I was a pilot.

  They were busy.

  He went to the market.

  否定句:在be后加not,在普通動詞前加didn’t 動詞恢復(fù)原形。

  I was not a pilot.

  They were not busy.

  He didn’t go to the market.

  疑問句:提前be 動詞或在句前加did

  Were you a pilot?

  Yes, I was./ No, I wasn’t.

  Were they busy?

  Yes, they were./ No, they weren’t.

  Did they go to the market?

  Yes, they did. / No, they didn’t.

  動詞變過去式

  1. 在末尾加ed或d 如:play-played、like-liked

  2. 輔音加y,結(jié)尾去y加ied.如:study-studied

  3. 輔音元音輔音結(jié)尾雙寫最后一個字母加ed.如:stop-stopped

  一般將來時

  主要描述將來要發(fā)生的事情。

  句末常出現(xiàn)next Monday/week/ year, tomorrow

  組成1:

  主語+be going to +動詞原形

  I am going to visit Ann.

  They are going to draw a dog.

  She is going to ride a horse.

  否定句:在be后加no

  tI am not going to visit Ann.

  They are not going to draw a dog.

  She is going to ride a horse.

  疑問句:將be提前

  Are you going to visit Ann?

  Yes, I am. / No, I am not.

  Are they going to draw a dog?

  Yes, they are./ No, they aren’t.

  Is she going to ride a horse?

  Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.

  組成2:

  主語+will+動詞原形

  I will go to the library.

  They will clean the house.

  She will eat breakfast at home.

  否定句:在will 后加not 或?qū)ill not 寫為won’t

  I will not go to the library.

  They will not clean the house.

  She will mot eat breakfast at home.

  疑問句:將will 提前

  Will you go to the library?

  Yes, I will./ No, I won’t.

  Will they clean the house?

  Yes, they will. / No, they won’t.

  Will she eat breakfast at home?

  Yes, she will. /No, she won’t.

  一般現(xiàn)在時練習(xí)題

  一、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。

  eat read do take wash

  watch have carry study fly

  catch go have cook look

  sing teach like get come play

  二、用單詞的正確形式填空:

  1. Mike ___________ (do) his homework every day.

  2. There ____________ (be) some water in the glass.

  3. We like ____________ (play) basketball after class.

  4. I like singing. I often ____________ (listen) to the music in the evening.

  5. My grandma ___________ (watch) TV every day.

  三、選擇最佳的答案:

  1. ____Alice often play the piano. No, she _____.

  A. Do; do B. Does; does C. Does; doesn t

  2. ___ your penfriend __ in Beijing?

  A. Do; live B. Do; lives C. Does; live

  3. Tom and Mike __ very excited, they will take a trip.

  A. is B. are C. am

  4. I like ________ very much. What about you?

  A. dance B. danced C. dancing

  5. I can’t find my pen. Let me __.

  A. go and ask her B. go and ask hers C. go and ask she

  6. Fangfang is a good student. She ____maths.

  A. does good at B. well do it C. is good at

  7. The kite ____ a bird.

  A. look like B. is looking C. looks like

  8. Bill and I ___ good friends.

  A. is B. are C. am

  9. Sandy often ___ his homework on Sundays .

  A. do B. does C. did

  10. What do you usually do on the weekend? I __________.

  A. went swimming B. go swimming C. visited grandparents

  11. What do you usually do on your holiday?

  A. saw elephants B. sing and dance C.took picture

  12. I ____ a student. I go to school ____bus every day.

  A. is; by B. am; on C. am; by

  13. I ____ a brother. She ____ a sister.

  A. have; has B. has; has C. have; have

  14. You ____ a student. He ____ a teacher.

  A. is; is B. are; is C. are; are

  15. He always _____ football games.

  A. watches B. watch C. doesn t

  16. My best friend _____ shells.

  A. collects B. collect C. often

  17. She doesn’t _____ listening to the music.

  A. often B. like C. likes

  18. My mother and I ___ always watch romantic films.

  A. doesn’t B. don’t C. do

  19. ---When _____ he get home on Friday?----He gets home at four on Friday.

  A. do B. does C. did


  現(xiàn)在進行時練習(xí)題

  一、寫出下列單詞的現(xiàn)在分詞:

  do play dance sit

  make swim jump cook

  clean watch come read

  eat write sing gorun fly catch help

  二、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空:

  1. look! Chen Jie and Mike are ___________(sing)now.

  2. The small bear is ________ (climb) the tree.

  3. Mike is ________ (draw) picture.

  4. She is ________ (do) the dishes.

  5. My brother is ________ (make) kites.

  6. My father is ________ (read) a newspaper in living room.

  7. Ted is __________(answer) the phone.

  8. My uncle is ________ (drive) a car.

  9. The students are ________(listen) to their teacher carefully.

  10. Chen Jie is _________(wash) clothes.

  三、選擇正確答案

  1. Every one ____ to their teacher in the classroom.

  A. are listening B. is listening C. listen

  2. They are singing and ___ together at the party now.

  A. dance B. danced C. dancing

  3. Listen! The birds ____.

  A. is singing B. are sing C. are singing

  4. Look! The kite ___ in the sky.

  A. fly B. flies C. is flying

  5. They ____ riding a forse.

  A. is B. are C. am

  6. Kate ____ playing chess.

  A. am B. is C. are

  7. Are you washing clothes?

  A. Yes, you are B. Yes, I am C. No, I am

  8. Is he ____ TV?Yes, he is.

  A. watch B. watching C. not

  9. ____ they taking pictures.? Yes, they are.

  A. Am B. Be C. Are

  10. It’s 10 o’clock. Ben _____ TV in the bedroom.

  A. watch B. is watching C. watches

  四、根據(jù)中文填空。

  1. Sandy 正在彈鋼琴。

  Sandy ______ ________ the piano.

  2. 聽, 她們正在說英語。

  Listen, _______ are _______ English.

  3.我正在做家庭作業(yè)。

  I _________ _________ my homework.

  4.她正在寫信嗎?

  ________she _______a letter?

  5. Zhang Peng 和Tom 在樹下下棋。

  Zhang Peng and Tom ________ ________ chess under the tree.

  6. 你們正在植樹嗎?

  _______ you ________ trees? Yes, we are.


  一般過去時練習(xí)題

  小學(xué)階段不規(guī)則動詞的過去式整理:

  am is -----was

  are-----were

  begin ----began

  ride---rode

  blow----blew

  break----broke

  bring----brought

  run---ran

  build----built

  buy----bought

  catch---caught

  say---said

  come---came

  see---saw

  draw---drew

  drink---drank

  eat---ate

  fall----fell

  drive---drove

  sing---sang

  do---did

  fly----flew

  sit---sat

  fight---fought

  go----went

  meet---met

  sweep---swept

  sleep---slept

  teach----taught

  swim---swam

  take----took

  leave---left

  tell—told

  write---wrote

  know---knew

  wear---wore

  get---got

  give----gave

  have---had

  make----made

  put---put

  read---read

  throw---threw

  一、寫出下列動詞的過去式或動詞原形。

  1. go________ 2. is________

  3. buy________ 4. swim________

  5. have ________ 6. watched _________

  7. ate________ 8. got________

  9. lived ________ 10. saw ________

  11. spend ________12. talk ________

  13. do _________ 14. teach ________

  15. win ________ 16. like _________

  17. write ________18. cry ________

  19. study _________ 20. ask ________

  二、 用單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

  1. _____ you ______(water) the flowers yesterday?

  2. Su Hai ________(go) for a walk last Sunday.

  3. Mike didn’t ________(finish) his homework yesterday.

  4. I _______ (pick) apples on the tree last month.

  5. I_______(is) ten years old last year.

  6. There _______(are) five books on the desk a moment ago.

  7. They _______(sweep) the floor just now.

  8. I _______ (meet) Miss White the day before yesterday.

  9. I _______ (wash) clothes last weekend.

  10. What did you you do on your holiday?I _______ (go) swimming.

  三、 選擇正確的答案。

  1. I ___presents for my parents yesterday.

  A. buyed B. bought C. buying

  2. Susan _____ swimming yesterday.

  A. go B. goes C. went

  3. Danny _____ breakfast five times last week.

  A. eat B. ate C. eated

  4. Last Sunday____ Tree Planting Day.

  A. is B. were C. was

  5. I ____ a lot from our textbook.

  A. learned B. learnes C. learning

  6. We ____ to the zoo and ___ a lot of animals yesterday.

  A. go; see B. went; saw C. goes; sees

  7. What did you do last weekend ? --I _________

  A. read a book B. wash the clothes C. go fishing

  8. What did you do on your holiday? I ________

  A. bought a present B. go skiing C. learn English

  9. What did he _____ yesterday? He ____ his homework.

  A. did; did B. do; did C. do; do

  10. Yesterday my presents and I ____ our house.

  A. were cleaning B. cleaned C. are going to clean

  11. What _____ to trees in the different season?

  A. happen B. happens C. happened

  12. Last summer. I ____ in the lake and played on the beach.

  A. swim B. swam C. will swim

  13. Did you eat good food in China? ______.

  A. Yes, I do B. No, I didn’t C. No, I did

  14. We played basketball _____.

  A. sometimes B. on Saturdays C. last Saturday

  一般將來時練習(xí)題

  重點講解:

  shall / will + 動詞原形 (shall 只能用于第一人稱)

  be going to + 動詞原形 (表示打算干什么)

  be going to + 地點 (表示準(zhǔn)備去)

  一、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

  I _______ ________ _______ _______ (see) a film tomorrow.

  A: What _______ you _______ ______ _______ (do) next Saturday?

  B: I _______ __________ _______ ________(swim) with my parents.

  There ______ _______ (be) a party in our school.

  Mike _______ ________ (visit ) his grandparents next week.

  He ______ ______ _______ _______(buy)a bike the day after tomorrow.

  ________ (fly)a kite with my father next week.

  He will not _________ (go) to school tomorrow.

  二、選擇正確的答案。

  1. I’m going to _____ some chopsticks ____ Sunday afternoon.

  A. bought; on B. buy; on C. buy; on

  2. When are you going to Hong Kong? I’m going there ____ .

  A. this weekend B. by plane C. yesterday

  3. I’m going to____ my friends this weekend.

  A. visit B. visited C. visiting

  4. I’m going to____ homework tomorrow.

  A. does B. do C. did

  5. Are you going to take a piano class? ____

  A. No, we not B. No, I am C. Yes, I am

  6. I am ___ eat breakfast at 7:15.

  A. will B. going to C. shall

  7. We are going to ____ to the park tomorrow.

  A. go B. goes C. going

  8. What film are you going to ______ ?

  A. see B. watch C. look

  9. We _____ a play tomorrow. Will you please join us?

  A. are going to see B. saw C. sees

  10. He ___ a race with Ming Ming.

  A. shall have B. will have C. going to have

  11. Where _____ you go tomorrow?

  A. are B. will C. shall

  12. ___ his brother going to climb mountains?

  A. Is B. Are C. Am

  13. Look! It _____.

  A. will snowing B. is going to snow C. snows

  14. I ____ free this afternoon.

  A. be B. will be C. going to be

  15. They will ____ roast ducks in Beijing.

  A. ate B. eats C. eat

  16. I __ visit my friends this weekend.

  A. go to B. am going to C. going to

  小學(xué)英語時態(tài)練習(xí)題答案

  一般現(xiàn)在時練習(xí)題

  一、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。

  eat eats read reads do does

  take takes wash washes watch watches

  have has carry carries study studies

  fly flies catch catches go goes

  have has cook cooks look looks

  sing sings teach teaches like likes

  get gets come comes play plays

  二、

  1. is doing

  2. is

  3. playing

  4. listen

  5. Watches

  三、

  1-5 C C B C A

  6-10 C C B B B

  11-15 B C A B A

  16-19 A B B B

  現(xiàn)在進行時練習(xí)題

  一、寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。

  do doing play playing dance dancing

  sit sitting make making swim swimming

  jump jumping cook cooking clean cleaning

  watch watching come coming read reading

  eat eating write writing sing singing

  go going run running fly flying

  catch catching help helping

  二、

  1. singing

  2. climbing

  3. drawing

  4. doing

  5. making

  6. reading

  7. answering

  8. driving

  9. listening

  10. washing

  三、

  1-5 B C C C B

  6-10 B B B C B

  四、

  1. is playing

  2. they speaking

  3. am doing

  4. Is writing

  5. are playing

  6. Are planting

  一般過去時練習(xí)題

  一、寫出下列動詞的過去式或動詞原形。

  1. go went

  2. is was

  3. buy bought

  4. swim swam

  5. have had

  6. watched watch

  7. ate eat

  8. got get

  9. lived live

  10. saw see

  11. spend spent

  12. talk talked

  13. do did

  14. teach taught

  15. win won

  16. like liked

  17. write wrote

  18. cry cried

  19. study studied

  20. ask asked

  二、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

  1. Did you water (water) the flowers yesterday?

  2. Su Hai went (go) for a walk last Sunday.

  3. Mike didn’t finish (finish) his homework yesterday.

  4. I picked (pick) apples on the tree last month.

  5. I was (is) ten years old last year.

  6. There were (are) five books on the desk a moment ago.

  7. They swept (sweep) the floor just now.

  8. I met (meet) Miss White the day before yesterday.

  9. I washed (wash) clothes last weekend.

  10. What did you you do on your holiday?I went (go) swimming.

  三、選擇正確的答案。

  1-5 B C B C A

  6-10 B A A B B

  11-14 C B B C

  一般將來時練習(xí)題

  一、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

  1. am going to see

  2. are going to do am going to swim

  3. will be

  4. will visit

  5. is going to buy

  6. will fly

  7. go

  二、選擇正確的答案。

  1-5 C A A B C

  6-10 B A A A B

  11-16 B A B B C B

 

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